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Vin Mariani (French: ''Mariani wine'') was a tonic and patent medicine created about 1863 by Angelo Mariani, a French chemist who became intrigued with coca and its economic potential after reading Paolo Mantegazza’s paper on coca's effects. In 1863,〔(【引用サイトリンク】Angelo Mariani – Man Behind The Bottle – Discover )〕〔There are some conflicting information on the actual dates, see Karch, Steven B. ("A Brief History of Cocaine" ). Taylor & Francis Group. Boca Raton, FL. 2006. Page 32.〕 Mariani started marketing a wine called Vin Tonique Mariani (à la Coca du Pérou)〔 which was made from Bordeaux wine and coca leaves. The ethanol in the wine acted as a solvent and extracted the cocaine from the coca leaves, altering the drink’s effect. It originally contained 6 mg of cocaine per fluid ounce of wine, but Vin Mariani that was to be exported contained 7.2 mg per ounce, in order to compete with the higher cocaine content of similar drinks in the United States. Advertisements for Vin Mariani claimed that it would restore health, strength, energy, and vitality. ==Popularity== Vin Mariani was very popular in its day, even among royalty such as Queen Victoria. Pope Leo XIII and later Pope Saint Pius X were both Vin Mariani drinkers. Pope Leo awarded a Vatican gold medal to the wine, and also appeared on a poster endorsing it.〔 Thomas Edison also endorsed the wine, claiming it helped him stay awake longer.〔 Ulysses S. Grant was also a fan of the wine, which he began drinking while writing his memoirs towards the end of his life. Mariani pope.jpg|Pope Leo XIII purportedly carried a hipflask of Vin Mariani with him, and awarded a Vatican gold medal to Angelo Mariani Médaille Coca Mariani avers O.Roty.JPG|Vin Mariani medal by Louis-Oscar Roty Médaille Coca Mariani revers O.Roty.JPG|Medal of Coca Mariani wine L'académicien français Louis Duchesne (1843-1922) faisant la publicité du Vin Mariani, précurseur du Coca-Cola..jpg|French historian Louis Duchesne and Vin Mariani. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vin Mariani」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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